
Karl Popper’s book The Open Society and Its Enemies reveals with great clarity how old the idea of tabula rasa (erroneously attributed to John Locke) actually is. In writing of Plato’s great utopia, The Republic, Popper shows Socrates telling auditors: "They will take as their canvas a city and the characters of men, and they will, first of all, make their canvas clean—by no means an easy matter. [...] They will not start work on a city nor on an individual [...] unless they are given a clean canvas, or have cleaned it themselves."[p.223] Popper continues: