
Arthur Calhoun’s 1919 A Social History of the American Family from Colonial Times to Present, Vol III notified the nation’s academics what was happening. Calhoun declared that the fondest wish of utopian writers was coming true, the child was passing from its family "into the custody of community experts"[p.181]. He offered a significant forecast, that in time we could expect to see public education "designed to check the mating of the unfit"[p.337]. Three years later, Mayor John F. Hylan of New York said in a public speech that the schools had been seized as an octopus would seize prey, by "an invisible government."3 He was referring specifically to certain actions of the Rockefeller Foundation and other corporate interests in New York City which preceded the school riots of 1917.