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Chapter One

The Way It Used To Be

Whoever controls the image and information of the past determines what and how future generations will think; whoever controls the information and images of the present determines how those same people will view the past.

— Paraphrasing George Orwell, 1984 (1949)

Take at haphazard one hundred children of several educated generations and one hundred uneducated children of the people, and compare them in anything you please: in strength, in agility, in mind, in the ability to acquire knowledge, even in morality,—and in all respects you are startled by the vast superiority on the side of the children of uneducated generations[p.169 →]

— Count Leo Tolstoy, Education and Culture (1862)